Most Countries In The World Production Of Bananas?

There are many cities around the world that produce bananas, Bananas is a fruit - producing and delicious. There are a variety of colors and sizes of this fruit, which comes in yellow, green and red.



Usually the size of the banana up to about 4.9 inches in length and 2 inches in width.




Fruit grown bananas among a group of fruit products. Banana is characterized as a calorie-rich fruits, fiber, and supplements, and carbohydrates, nutrition, vitamins, potassium and protein.

Banana benefits
Banana is one of the delicious fruit all over the world, because of its great importance , among other fruits due to the large benefits. There are many countries that produce large quantities of these fruits, which we will talk about them in our article this.

Bananas contain reinforcement cell that prevent infections, is also used in skin and hair problems. Banana helps in the treatment of kidney tumor, glucose, high fever, asthma, nerves and stomach issue, and the sensitivities of others are favorable, and wrinkles.

Defects banana
quantity of excess eating bananas can result in weight gain. One banana per day suitable to benefit without problems. All organic products rich in calories and nutrition and vitamins in the problem of weight gain.

According to some estimates, The most productive fruit of bananas in the list of top ten banana-producing countries in the world's, which are as follows:

The top 10 countries at the top of the banana production in the world
1- India 29.82 million tons ,
2- China 's 11.64 million tons ,
3- Uganda 11.23 million tons ,
4- Philippines 9.45 million tons ,
5- Ecuador 8.24 million tons,
6- Brazil 7.65 million tons,
7- Indonesia 6.34 million tons,
8- Colombia 5.27 million tons,
9- Cameroon 4.94 million tons,
10- Tanzania 4.08 million tons,

The highest producer of bananas in the world?

India is the largest producer of bananas in the whole world, which provide about 29.8 million tons.

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What's Veto? What Is The Right Of Veto??

The right of veto, we often hear in the political news, the use of state veto power over a particular decision, what is the meaning of the word veto, we'll show you the veto is a Latin word origin, has this word dramatically emerged after World War II ended, and the meaning of the word veto is " I object to, or I do not agree and criticized, "has been appearing after World war II, where the United Nations body which emerged, including the Security Council, and its role was established is to take crucial decisions and important at the international level, and the members of the Security Council is change them all the time, and there five countries have been appointed as the five permanent members, which means that a continuous presence and expressed in the Security Council and the countries that has the right to veto any has the right to veto.

The right to veto, is one of the rights possessed by the great powers in the world, and define more precisely is a unjust rights existing in the Security Council, and the veto power of this which is in the hands of the great powers that use it to serve their interests only, without considering any other considerations, you may lose the Security Council credibility of the whole, as the great powers control the Security Council resolutions, and these countries that control of any decision by the Security Council are the United States, China, Russia, France, Britain, these are the countries controlling the issuance of any decision, as they objected to the any decision is contrary to their interests or the interests of their friends "friendly countries", where you turn the decision without being traded or passed, even, albeit this decision is approved by everyone, as long as these countries have a veto means that it has been pre-empt that decision, and gone forever.

What is meant by a veto:  the veto is a veto from the five permanent members to reject any decision without passage of the Security Council to be voted on, and thus are canceled and not to discuss it and thus failure to perform, and have it to reject one of its five permanent this decision.

We find now there are a number of voices calling for change this unjust exclusion and unfair, as the five countries permanent members use the veto power, resulting in a balance of forces fresh, and injustice is not worthy of the United Nations established the basis for upholding the right, but where the right or justice and Where is the equality in the existence of this right  of others equitably and call it a right of veto, and even if we accept this thought and logic arrogant, there is a major and states with larger states that have permanent membership in the Security Council effect.

The right of veto is no objection to the only decision, it is a miscarriage and termination resolution without irreversible, and this is a major flaw of democracy advocated by the states, and the problem is not in the same resolution, but the method of selecting members of the veto and who are selected by the Security Council and they shall be members or wielding members of the Security Council, they have not been selected, but the election is to form a strong, so many countries have called for the abolition of the right of veto, and demanded that other countries be modified veto system and be included major countries such as Germany, Japan and Brasil.

Do you think that Veto is a miscarriage solution? Leave a comment with all arguments, we will discuss it together

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What Do You Know About The New Apple Watch 2 ?

Last April 2015, Apple officially disclosure for the new Smart Watch, called Apple Watch for the first time. In record time, this watch became the bestseller in different categories. At now the company show the new product of second generation called Apple watch 2. Do you think that will get all success?

What 's New for Apple Watch 2 ?

It is natural that the Apple made development of the design and the possibilities of the new clock even keep pace with the current progress, and the company has announced that the most prominent additions between these second - generation time is the right design for all sports activities as well as become a time capable at the expense of the user 's heart rate and this also became a watch made of white ceramic resistant to scratches instead of steel.

this time as well as built waterproof and can be used for long periods under water and a depth of up to 50 meters as well as the microphone become water repellent and is also available hourly GPS to determine possible.

Official specifications for smart - Watch: Apple Watch  2: 

- Dimensions: 38.6 × 33.3 × 11.4. 

- Weight: 28.8 grams. 

- Screen: 1.5 - inch. 

- The brightness of the screen: 370X272 pixels. 

- Operating system: Watch OS 3.0. 

- Processor: Dual Dual Core kernel. 

- No external her memory. 

- MP3 music player. 

- battery 273 mm AMP.

Colours of Smart Apple Watch  2: 

this watch will be available in the markets a range of colors , "Silver, gold, gray, white, yellow Options.

The price of smart time Apple Watch Apple Watch 2: 

The price of this Apple Watch 2 will be 420 euros,  will combine with quality, price and usage

What do you think about Apple Watch 2? Will got more success in the world??

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Electric Scooter: The new BMW C Evolution at the Paris Motor Show

Although the name of the Show "Mondial de l'Automobile in Paris" which start from 1 to October 16, mainly puts the car under the spotlight, it does not put away the other means of transport such as two-wheeled vehicles.

And the mark to the propeller does not count let slip the opportunity without presenting its electric sccoter: the BMW C Evolution. Certainly it is not a first appearance, but this bike has been entitled to nice shots scalpel and new selling points.

Indeed, traffic denser, higher energy costs and the increasingly severe measures governing CO2 emissions throw challenges that electric motor vehicles meet rigorous fulfilling perfectly their contract . Part of the strategy of sustainable development conducted by BMW Group, BMW Motorrad has taken up the topic of electromobility very early, in 2012, in analogy with BMW i in the automotive sector, to then assert his will convincingly with C evolution electric scooter.

With the new C Evolution, which now exists in two versions - Long Range Version (autonomy) and European version - BMW Motorrad hoisted the reference of electric scooters segment to a new level.

Thus, and according to the specialized website sportmoto.com, batteries of a new generation whose cells have a capacity of 94 Ah, like those used on the current BMW i3, offer an extended range of fashion significant.

In addition, standard equipment now includes a new charging cable with a reduced section. New options, such as support for smartphones, flesh out the possibilities to customize the new BMW C Evolution.

In detail, the new C Evolution Long Range displays a continuous output 19 kW (26 bhp), an increase of 8 kW (11 hp) compared with the predecessor, while autonomy, a significant increase has been reach some 160 kilometers away.The maximum speed is 129 km / h (restricted by electronics).

In terms of acceleration from 0 to 50 km / h, the C Evolution displays values ​​equivalent to those of modern maxi scooters with an engine capacity of 600 cm3 or better.

In the European version, the new C Evolution delivers a power of 11 kW (15 hp). Its range is about 100 kilometers, and its maximum speed is 120 km / h. Having regard to the many benefits of this scooter, the idea of ​​seeing presented at the Paris Motor Show in 2016 no longer seems preposterous. She also registered even in the current trend and is targeted more than ever to urban motorists in need of moblité.

The strengths of the BMW C Evolution electric scooter

innovative electric drive system via drivetrain swing arm incorporating an electric motor cooled by liquid, toothed belt and planetary gear. significantly increased battery life with the battery cells with a capacity of 94 Ah instead of 60 Ah far. Long Range Version: continuous power by 19 kW (26 hp) peak power 35 kilowatts (48 hp). Maximum speed 129 km / h. Autonomy approx. 160 km. European Version: 11 kilowatts continuous power (15 hp) peak power 35 kilowatts (48 hp). Maximum speed 120 km / h. Autonomy approx. 100 km. intelligent energy recovery during deceleration and braking. serial charging cable with a reduced section. Reduced charge time possible. performance braking system with ABS. New color scheme Ionic Silver metallic / Electric green. Source: Iliasnotes, aujourd'hui and sportmoto.com

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USA: More than 500 million pirated Yahoo accounts

The American group "Yahoo!" announced Thursday, September 22, 2016 hacking more than 500 million accounts of its users in 2014.

"Names, email addresses, phone numbers, birth dates, and passwords were among the hacked data," the company said in a statement, adding that the hacking was conducted by a entity related to a state without giving details about it.

The US group, which claimed to have contacted affected users, said it is working closely with the relevant US authorities to determine the circumstances of the computer attack.

He also assured that the investigation found no evidence indicating that the entity in question is currently present in the computer system of "Yahoo!" said the statement of the US company.

This piracy comes following the announcement in July, the redemption of the pioneer of the Internet by the Verizon telecommunications company for $ 4.8 billion.

Source: Iliasnotes.info and Aujourd'hui.ma

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Industry: iPhone 7 costs three times less the price ? Reason ?

If the price of the iPhone seems exorbitant to you, here are the reasons. Reasons emanating from experienced analysts.

Thus, components and assembly of an iPhone 7 basic cost three times less than its selling price in stores. According to estimates by IHS Markit, 224,80 dollars it takes to manufacture an iPhone 7, 32GB, which will then be sold $ 649 in stores. Analysts IHS indulge every year in this estimate. It takes into account the price of components but also the assembly and testing of products. However, it does not include the costs of research and development, distribution and marketing. Operating margin for Apple is typically around 30%.

Such production costs are in line with those of Samsung products. But the margin Apple remains most important, explains Andrew Rassweiler, head of the study conducted by IHS Markit. "All things being equal, Apple makes more margin than Samsung but the cost of materials is more important than in the past " , he notes. According to IHS, the iPhone 7 is in fact the most expensive to manufacture Apple's history. The iPhone 6S, last year, costing 36.89 dollars less. Involved, a more powerful battery, larger storage capacity or a better camera on the new phone.

Unrivaled for the standard model, the production costs of the iPhone 7 are still lower than the iPhone 6 Plus, released last year. These amounted to 231.50 dollars, 219.80 dollars for the hardware and $ 4.50 for the assembly and testing - 0.50 dollar less mysterious than the iPhone 7. Such estimate has yet been made for the iPhone 7 Plus.

IHS Markit provides the estimated cost of key components, and the identity of their suppliers. The cheapest room phone, produced by Huizhou Desay, would cost only $ 2.50. The processor, it would have a price of 26.90 dollars.Finally, the screen part historically the most expensive, amounts to 43 dollars.

Comparison of materials used for both phones also gives the opportunity to see the replacement of Qualcomm Intel on two components: the base band and the PMIC, useful for optimizing performance. 

A return of Intel on the iPhone.

Source: Aujourd'hui.ma

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Impact of 3D Printing on Supply Chain and Logistics Industry

Have you heard about 3D printing on the fly from Amazon? The largest Internet-based retailer in the United States and world, Amazon has patented the concept of mobile 3D printing delivery trucks to deliver products even faster to consumer. When a shopper orders a selected product from Amazon, this triggers the nearest truck to 3D print and deliver the product to the consumer, effectively removing the need for any storage.

They 3D printed a complete 6-storey office building in China!
Over the span of 10 years, the price of the cheapest 3D printer came down from USD 18000 to USD 400 and became 100 times faster. All major shoe companies have started 3D printing shoes. In remote airports, spare airplane parts are 3D printed. Cosmetic companies started testing new products on 3D-printed skin instead of animals.

3D printing technology has emerged as one of the most disruptive innovations to impact the logistics industry and the global supply chain. 3D printing technology is impacting professional and our personal lives, with some claim that the technology merely enhances some aspects of production process, while others argue that technology will revolutionize and replace existing manufacturing technologies. Whether revolutionary or evolutionary, 3D printing technology is recognized as an important trend that will significantly impact supply chains. Although, in the private consumer market, expansion of 3D printing is an interesting development in its own right, the biggest potential for disruption lies in industrial applications. It is striking to see how 3D printing will influence supply chains of the future.

Gartner forecasts 3D printer shipments will more than double every year between 2016 and 2018. Overall, end-user spending on 3D printers is expected to increase from USD 1.6 billion in 2015 to about USD 13.4 billion in 2018. McKinsey predicts 3D printing will generate an economic impact of USD 230 billion to USD 550 billion per year by 2025, the vast majority originating from consumer uses and direct manufacturing applications.
Economists have labelled additive manufacturing (a.k.a. 3D printing) the 3rd industrial revolution. Following are the key areas in supply chain and logistics likely to be impacted by 3D printing technology:

1. Rationalization of inventory and logistics: Logistics will adjust to print on demand, eliminating the need to carry inventory
2. Resource efficiency: Material saving during production and ability to utilize recycled materials
3. Customer demand will be met more quickly: Reduction in manufacturing lead time and strategic near-shore manufacturing facility
4. Customization: Tailoring individualized offers to each customer, involvement of client in design, and providing ability to test prototypes
5. Global Logistics: Reduction in cost of international logistics by reducing overseas manufacturing thus decreasing quantity of air and ocean freight and brokerage cost

The supply chain traditional model is founded on traditional constraints of the industry, efficiencies of mass production, the need for low cost, high-volume assembly workers, and so on. But 3D printing bypasses those constraints.
From that point of view, the traditional model stops making senseIt is no longer financially efficient to send products zipping across the globe when manufacturing can be done almost anywhere at the same cost or lower.
However, disruptive technologies come with challenges. Following are challenges for 3D printing:

• IP Issues Authors of digital design templates could be targeted by hackers and incur copyright infringement.
• Security Concerns For example, when printing harmful objects such as a knife, gun etc., which party would be held responsible?
• Liability For example, who is to blame if a 3D product fails: the company printing and selling it, the material supplier, the printing machine manufacturer, or the designer?
• Mass Production It cannot compete with the speed of traditional manufacturing process.

The raw materials today are digital files and the machines that make them. And that demands a new model both for manufacturer and logistics provider.
Forward thinking companies are viewing 3D printing technology from all possible lenses. For example, UPS and DHL have begun to offer 3D printing services. But only time will let us know whether manufacturers turn to their logistics service providers to store and maintain their blueprints or whether this will be a new niche for IT specialists.
Logistics service providers will only be allowed to store and print out the data models if the manufacturers trust them and are prepared to give them the 3D data models. What's certain is that in future, the value of a product will reside in a digital file. Manufacturers will try to protect their IP by inserting copy protections and assigning licensing rights. It is too early to say what the role of the logistics service providers will be in all of this. However, logistics companies have a huge opportunity of becoming a strategic player in the game.
CXOs of supply chain and logistic industry must be aware of the potential impact that 3D printing technology could have on their respective organization and be prepared to react in an agile, flexible, and adaptive manner.

References:

1. http://www.gartner.com/newsroom/id/2887417
2. http://www.mckinsey.com/insights/business_technology/disruptive_technologies
3. https://3dprint.com/46934/amazon-3d-printing-patent/
4. https://www.theupsstore.com/print/3d-printing
5. DHL Trend Research and Technology Innovation Management Review

Source: HCL, Vinayraj Chowhan [Indian scientific writer]
 

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What music to save sharks?

One of the most insidious causes of the fear they inspire may lie in ... the music that accompanies the shark images, including documentaries. THE WORLD SCIENCE AND TECHNO

 Followed by a mid way. Dommmm-dum ... Very serious both. Just a shift semitone. And this again. Dommmm-dum ... And yet, and faster. Domm-dum, dum-domm. And yet, even faster. And louder, more and more disturbing, more heady. Dom-dom, dom, dom, dom-dom dom-dom domdoum, domdoum DOMDOUM DOMDOUM ...

No, the columnist has not taken a sunburn on the decanter during the summer, he tried to exercise unlikely to make you guess the most famous film in the history of film music. He hopes that you will recognize the theme, composed by John Williams, of Jaws, Steven Spielberg, and you saw appear in the corner of your brain the huge white shark that terrorizes man eating a small American resort 1970s, snacking on swimmers as others crunched into cocktail sausage appetizer. Dom-dom, and that the fin cutting through the wave. Dom-dom, and that appetizing arms and legs seen from below ....

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Top 5 extreme activities to do outside!

1. SLEEPING ALONG A CLIFF (PERU) - And why not to be intoxicated by a via ferrata nearly 4 hours and due reward to the key, the right to sleep in a capsule suspended over 400 meters ? It is the experience that Natura Vive offers in the Sacred Valley of the Incas in Cusco. © NATURA VIVE

2. SKIP TO the STRETCH OVER VOLCANO (CHILE) - For 9000 euros, jump off a helicopter hanging from an elastic and graze lava from an erupting volcano. The hotheads take their foot. © Barcroft Media VIA GETTY IMAGES

3. PARACHUTE JUMP OF THE CLIFF BASE (NORWAY) - Beyond the parachute jump, the view from the jump platform is worth all the gold in the world. hard drive to back down from your cloud nine after that. © KEN DOUGLAS

4. DO THE ZIP LINE OVER GRAND CANYON (USA) - From the top of Bootleg Canyon overlooking the valley of Eldorado, go live yours. At over 80 km / h, the zipline promises to be breathtaking Lake Mead and the Mojave Desert that, over the sea. Unmissable if you will see Nevada as ever. © CEETIZ.FR

5. SWIM IN THE 'CAGE OF DEATH "(AUSTRALIA) - We already knew the shark cages ... Here, swim in the middle of crocodiles ready to devour you. To do this, go to Croscosaurus Cove Darwin. © CAGE OF DEATH

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Are the children of the twenty-first century all gifted?

Lonely, hypersensitive, no class ... And if the child was premature? This is the secret hope of many parents, more often reinforced by their readings or diagnosis of psychologists.

At the restaurant, on vacation, at the coffee machine, it is a bit always the same refrain: "Mine, I think it is premature. "The mine which accompanies conscious, oscillates between pride and despair. All parents will know what it is.

previously unknown disease, the "early" now gangrene families, schools and offices shrink. Its most common symptoms? Intolerance to frustration, rejection of authority and denial of school learning.

"People are convinced that the more the child is unbearable and no one at school, it means more of giftedness. But it's wrong ! "Claire Meljac, a psychologist at the unit psychopathology of children and adolescents in the Sainte-Anne Hospital in Paris, does not mince words. Like all the psychologists, she saw the new "evil" spread in fifteen years. "I witnessed the birth of the epidemic, she squeaks.

The guilt of the parents was a great provider of gifted children. "Remis involved when their child is not perfect, some parents have found a miracle cure: he is too smart!

Yet all professionals affirm: there shall be no increase in the ratio of the population affected by the virus early. Since we calculate the intelligence quotient (IQ), that is to say, since in 1903 Alfred Binet, the inventor of psychometrics, had the idea to estimate the mental age of the pupils, and divide by age ...

What do you think?? 

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The CIRCEPT: to bring order in his ideas!

CIRCEPT (for circular and concept), it is a tool proposed by Michel Fustier, sociologist, to organize the production of ideas. Its purpose is to structure the result of creative work by building a circular reading grid.

Additional brainstorming, this method allows working on different topics when the creativity of a group is required to solve a problem, find new development paths, etc..

The steps of the method CIRCEPT

Once the group consisting, each participant has a number of words evoked by the subject in question. To stimulate their creativity, they proceed by association, analogy, opposition. Brainstorming as other creative methods are all set for this phase of idea generation.

The working group then shares the results of their brainstorming, putting them together. They can use post-it practices to move within a table.

The next step is to form groups of words sorted by proximity to create general topics. A title is given to each group formed. Comparing these subjects together, participants will define 2 axis within a circle. 2 axes summarizing the different subjects on opposite dimensions. The ends of each axis are conflicting notions eg individual public vs / vs cheap cheap / low-end vs high-end ..

It only remains to position each topic and words associated to this circle as a function of the proximity of terms with each axis.

Once finalized, the interpretation is conducted across the concepts and arranged circularly

PRINCIPLE

From creativity techniques, the CIRCEPT (for circular and concept) is a tool developed by the sociologist Michel Fustier to represent on the same diagram, associations of ideas or judgements made spontaneously facing a concept.

In "The Inventive" (collective work of Modern Enterprise Edition - 1970), Michel Fustier tells how did the idea of ​​"circept" as he analysed fifty associations of ideas and analogies around the term "entrepreneur":

"The pictures were given bulk, opposing or calling each other. But under this apparent disorder, was hiding a structure. In fact, on the one hand each image or each group of images, was close to a picture or other image group, and, secondly, could be found in the list provided images absolutely contrary to each other. under these two characteristics, it was possible storing these images around a circular form, each point of the figure having thus neighborhoods and oppositions. "

This led him to develop a form of graphical representation and circular (rather than literary and linear) to account for the different voltages or "images" contained in a term (here, the word "entrepreneur") knowing that these tensions are not necessarily opposites (white / black), but can match complementaries, shades along each axis.

SCOPE OF CIRCEPT

The circept can be used to present the semantic territory in which fits a word or concept. It allows to account for the variety of perceptions and associations of ideas, structuring them along the corresponding axes.

By extension, it can also be used to give a synthetic representation and dynamics of a project (economic or otherwise) that highlights the different dimensions in which it falls (any project simultaneously several goals, sometimes contradictory often complementary). The circept then forms a "conceptual compass" that guides the discussion and facilitate decision (each new decision can be sifted from circept, to check that it fits well in the original project).

EXAMPLES OF USE

A) Research associations linked to the word "cane":

The word "rod" is defined as follows in a dictionary: "Stem straight certain plants // // Leg pop Shaped member on which the hand is pressed in walking.".

This objective definition (centered on the object) covers only partially associations of ideas that may come to mind when one is subjected to the stimulus "cane". So if you ask a group of people to note the 5 or 6 first ideas that appear they hear the word cane, we get a very varied list of terms "wood", "punishment", "disability", " knob "," duck "," Festival "," Dominique Strauss "," wandering "," old "," stick "," light "," hiking "," umbrella ", ...

By classifying terms as mentioned, we get several sets of families, which may be opposed or complementary. For example, the concept of disability is opposed to that motion, sugar cane and wood, have two plants statements; the duck or the city of Cannes belong to a family of homonyms, etc.

The circept then can account for the variety of perceptions and associations of ideas in structuring the corresponding axes:

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What's the best Methods to solve a problem ?

Summary record

Solving a problem is to rely on a large number of existing tools.It certainly should control the ones you use, but also know which to choose depending on the problem to be treated depending on where you stand. Because once again, the relevance is required.

For example brainstorming techniques are effective to investigate causes of dysfunction and to find possible solutions. Either all phases where creativity is the driving force. But in terms of implementing the solution, this tool is not suitable. The action plan is of course perfect for this step.

The implementation of these methodologies requires rigor. They only work if the conditions are met. 

Here is the place of a simple method with some possible tools

Steps	Examples of tools
1 - Definition - identifying the problem to be addressed	Brainstorming - QQOCQP - affinity diagram
2 - Description of the problem	QQOCQP - Pareto diagram (20/80)  - affinity diagram
3 - Research and evaluation of the causes	Brainstorming -  Diagram Hishikawa
4 - Search and selection of solutions	Brainstorming - Decision Matrix - value analysis - tree diagram
5 - Implementation of the solution	Action plan - Pert - Gantt schedule
6 - Effects Monitoring	Log sheet -  Pareto diagram (20/80)

The next article will discuss about : 

The steps of the method CIRCEPT

Don't forget to share with us you suggestion for our next topics 

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Create a construction project: 3- know complete the projects

Hallo everybody , today we will talking about the 3rd part of steps to create a construction project.

This part talk about how to "know complete the projects" . This idea will give us a general view about the next step, why ? Simply :

When the project comes to an end, the mission is not over ...
It is essential to capitalize on the recent experience in the context of the continuous improvement of its practices.

Indeed it is a shame to miss the monitoring of implementation. Budgetary and human investments that generally deserves more team involvement in the post project phase.
Why ? How? Selected publications on this page provide some answers.

There are a lot of tools to evaluate this step:

Create a database as cloud to know what's done and what's the next ?
Use special tools or management tools as: Ishikawa, PDCA, FMEA, 5 Whys...

But, when we found some mistakes, what we should do ? yes correct the project , but sometimes we don't have time , then ? In this case is better as project manager to use some technical tools for your project from the beginning like :

* Use the implementation and prediction for all steps
* Planning, monitoring and observing the progress of quality gold over a period of time; keep under systematic review
* Functional analysis and tender specifications

  Next post will talking about the 4th steps : Methods for managing a project

We stay in touches 
Have good reading with Iliasnotes

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Create a construction project: 2- How to lead a project?

Once the specification is put together, it's time to enter the concrete implementation phase. The project manager works with his team on planned points in the action plan. 

Its role is to manage his group to make the most of these skills. It can of course take a more operational role if certain tasks are within its fields of competence. But in general its mission is to organize and lead the work sessions while keeping track of the progress of work in agreement with the order planning. 

He coordinates external resources and mobilize the budgetary resources.

In the event of significant slippage it is his responsibility to refer to higher authority to decide what position to take. Precisely, it ensures the link with the steering committee to keep it regularly informed of the implementation of the various stages for validation. 

Another task in its function: it implements the communication plan. An essential tool for the success of the project both in terms of implication, that of coordination. Indeed, delivering the right information at the right time allows each person involved (directly or not) understand the ins and outs of running tasks. The benefit: reducing barriers to change. For members of the project team is power and put his achievements in the collective work. A key less tension and stress.

 1- Communication

Again improvisation is not appropriate. The communication plan is the same rigor to build an effective strategy.

The challenges are to allow all stakeholders and the team to have a vision of the purpose and project objectives. Everyone should have the same level of information. This is an important point to involve stakeholders and reduce resistance to change.

The design of such a document is similar to the method used by the marketing department set goals, know the target, expectations, risks they perceive that they can win, it may lose and according to provide consistent tools to get your messages. Do not hesitate also to plan actions com. A brief setting precise music effective.

Note that the targets are not only internal clients. Suppliers, customers (the real you charge ...), etc. may integrate your plan depending on the scope of future work ..

Question support, it is not necessary to innovate too. Again think effective. Part of your target is keen on the Intranet home, then contact them through this tool.

2- Management and project tracking

To operate effectively, the dashboard is the essential tool.

2 main objectives:

   -Follow the progress of various stages.

   -Follow the gaps between forecasts and achievements in terms of financial resources, timelines and deliverables.

It also allows communication with the team and stakeholders through follow-up meetings.

To design an effective tool, it must select the relevant indicators, representative of the progress of work in line with the objectives.

3- How to manage changes?

Managing change is an essential instrument to accompany the transformations generated by new projects.

Unfortunately the technical aspects are often priority over human concerns. Yet the success must go with the acceptance of the new organization and new missions / associated tasks.

There are effective methods to support its employees during transformations and manage resistance that may appear. Resistors, a natural reaction to any new situation. Ignoring them does not solve anything if not to inflame. Depending on their nature, they can be prevented or treated as they arise.

4- Project difficulty: what to do?

What if the budgetary allocation is reached before the entire cost has been committed? What attitude should you adopt when in the middle of the ford, you realize that the time will "explode"?

These slippages occur frequently when the number of ongoing projects beyond the control of the entity's capacity. As manager, you are facing a very difficult situation, because the success of your mission is at stake.

How did you get here? Mistakes and blunders are inevitable. To prevent problems, it is imperative to monitor the progress of work and the differences with the forecast. That's what good is a control dashboard: early identification of risks, to prevent them before it is too late. You are then able to titrate the alarm with the steering committee, or your boss (following the structure of your business). However, when the damage is done, what solutions are available?

The first step is to conduct a rapid diagnosis to redefine the objectives and actions to be undertaken urgently: ask yourself, meet decision makers and negotiate new deadlines, budgets and human resources, as appropriate. Face the situation with lucidity not to persevere ... wrong.

If the project is on the path of failure, it is highly likely that the scoping phase was deficient or that unforeseen events have guests during the game ...

You will notice that this diagnosis can also enter to stop the project!

Build a recovery plan with encryption means and the new planning.

Put in place the new shares with a very strict monitoring. Remember, you are in crisis. Your mission is to save the project with your battle plan.

Finally, capitalize on this experience in analyzing the causes of the skid. The worst is not to make mistakes, but do not remember anything!

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Create a construction project: 1- Fit Project

The framing is defining the future work. This phase reminder draft its genesis and its usefulness in answering the question: why?

Or the client (s) are identified. Understanding the need of the foundation is essential to secure consistent objectives and give every chance for success at work. Just specify the objectives is the second point of the scoping phase. Thereafter it should describe future work in two horizons: Time and budget. For the first, set the end date and expected for the second estimate an overall package.

Another clarification is useful, what are the types of actors involved. That is to say generally mention the services and profiles without naming specific employees. The project manager is usually already selected.

This reflection leads to a concept note. It is usually after the meeting of the applicants and the client. It allows to communicate internally and to be used as a first reference before going further. It also requires the participation of the team in its drafting. They must take ownership of the tasks ahead.

This note contains descriptive information such as stakeholders, the team leader. It also informs on its foundation: the needs and objectives. It specifies its scope (services, processes ...). It establishes the means and maturity after describing the major stages.

1- Knowing how to organize projects

For a successful project, everything is a question of organization. Do not hesitate to invest time in the previous reflection before launching and managing the work.

The parameters to control are numerous. To organize a project method, it should take the steps, one by one, to initialize in planning means drawing on best practices.

The work ahead is to this very important title because from the items collected from stakeholders and means of the structure, "project manager" can build a tailored approach to achieve the objectives of the project.

2- Initialization of the book

To complete a project, it must be started! It is obvious that it bears repeating.

A basic error is to misunderstand the client's needs. What happens then the deliverable? ...

3- The project's objectives

The purpose of the project is fundamental to its success. It takes shape in setting specific objectives for this future work.

It is hard to imagine an investment whose purpose have not been clearly established. Any good manager knows.

Their definition is closely linked with the needs expressed. They bring this binder between the gross and operational needs expression that will allow teams to get to work. They know exactly what they will produce, when and at what cost. The issues are already often difficult to treat, it is not useful to add more blur on the results to be obtained. The efficiency as there!

Speaking of goals, good practices in other areas are also valid here. Including the famous SMART, an acronym that characterizes a perfect target.

4- Be responsible for projects

A real conductor.

This is special because the manager in question does not benefit from hierarchical power. It's a cross-functional manager. It must, through its expertise, continually prove their skills with members of his team.

We can easily understand that he must hold strong personal qualities: listening, negotiating capacity of moving men, etc. Short of leadership! It is a difficult role, but really exciting for someone who has the qualifications. The routine does not know it. Besides, he does not have time to really waste time on such tasks. It is constantly in action: definition of needs, coordination of resources, reporting to stakeholders ... The process is its framework, he is able to understand the mode of operation of various types of organization. It is broken on the technical and problem-solving tools.

5- Building the project team

To build an effective team, two priorities are to be considered: create a real group spirit and gather useful and sufficient technical skills to achieve the assigned objectives.

The relational side is a very important if not crucial, as the most complex to manage is the human.

With all the interactions within the project team between individuals who react according to their experience and their needs or personal strategies, the role of leader is fundamental. Indeed, he has to work this little world in perfect harmony within a specified time. The exercise requires excellent qualities and leadership skills and a leadership (the group recognition are recognized qualities of head and not his status).

6- Managing Project Risk

Risk is an integral part of project management. New creation generates uncertainties and shadows. It is therefore necessary to master the potential threats to achieve the objectives. Focus on key principles.

The approach and best practices to remember are to draw on the risk management methods generally either for a project, a new activity, a new structure, a presence in a country, etc. That is to say work on two major phases: analysis of the project's vulnerabilities and responses that the group can bring.

The aim is to prevent these risks and if necessary to anticipate their treatment to be ready when the time comes.

7- Tools and methods for project planning

To achieve the objective, planning is an essential phase. Without it, nothing is under control, the project manager and his team would sail in sight.

Indeed, planning aims to organize the sequence of steps of the project in time. A key task for the control of deadlines.

Usually to plan a project, the first phase is to cut it into several stages, to estimate the duration, identify sequence of steps (including those which may be conducted in parallel), allocate resources (financial and human) and finally model this organization on an operational document shared among all stakeholders.

There are various tools and methods presented in this dossier, notably through the selection of publications.

8- Write a specification

All projects must be changed in a specification. This document is the entry point to plan and manage the progress of operations and define what should be the deliverables.
A certain formalism is required for it to be understood by all stakeholders. The objectives are clearly defined.

There are several types of document. Include Mainly the Functional Specifications (MFS) that describe the functions that the solution to complete and accurate technical for him that the technical specifications to be met.

The two together are the basis in drafting the official document to launch external tenders or mobilize internal resources.

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Interpreting POLICE In Management Parlance

The POLICE Acronym:
P = Planning and Promoting efficiency
O= Objectivity in action
L = Leadership sustaining Loyalty
I =  Innovative to core
C = Conscientious citizen
E = Effective at work.

CONTROLLING COSTS
Employing Good records management practices: has a positive impact on your office's bottom line. Records management and Records Management Services (RMS) can help you to:
 Cut records storage costs - Storing and Maintaining Unnecessary records is expensive. Through records retention schedules,
RMS Enables Timely the destruction of records When They-have no further value to the organization. This Reduces the
overall costs associated with storage (On-Site and off-site), server costs (for electronic records and email) and costs
associated with servicing records.
o Records Management Services can help you manage your office's offsite storage by providing good account records
inventories and Notifying you automatically When records are ready for destruction.
o Records Management Services partners with the Harvard Depository Records Center to offer off-Site Records
storage to Harvard at a lower rate sales offices than storage vendors.
 Avoid Unnecessary purchasing office equipment- in the typical office, 40% of the records are maintained in-office
Unnecessarily. By Following records management guidelines for retention and disposition and using less expensive off-website
storage for infrequently used records, filing offices can forestall purchasing equipment and supplies.
 Make Information Easier and less Costly to retrieve and use - the Inability to find information wastes time and money.
Good recordkeeping systems and practices Improve accessibility to information and information Reduce handling costs.
 Minimize risk - Decrease the likelihood of litigation Losses, unfavorable audit Findings gold other penalties resulting and from unauthorized destruction of records and missing documents.
 Explore cost-effective technology solutions for your records - while storage media for electronic records May be comparatively inexpensive, Storing wide volumes of information is not cheap. Managing electronic records is resource intensive. RMS can help you to your electronic records for Assessment and Management Plan needs improvement projects.

PROMOTING EFFICIENCY

Records Management Enables Harvard to administer resources and information more Efficiently by Reducing the amount of duplication, Costly errors, and the amount of time and productivity lost searching for or recreating information. Records Management and Records Management Services (RMS) can help you to:

 Save time - it's Estimated That in a typical organization, at least 20% of staff time is Spent looking for information. Computer 7.5% of users Spend Their Time PC was looking for misplaced files. Good records management and information Enables records to be retrieved Quickly and reliably, thus reducing this time considerably.
 Increased employee productivity - When there is a glut of unmanaged records and information, it is difficulty for employed to locate the information That They need to do Their jobs and to take advantage of the content and intellectual property that may already exist in the office. With proper records management, information is more Easily and Effectively located, retrieved, and re-used.

 Optimize premium office space - better please use limited office space by reducing unnecessary records, particularly duplicates and records beyond Their retention period, and expensive on-Site equipment Such as filing cabinets, office space Freeing up for other for people and uses.

 Improve capacity to Collaborate and share information - good organization and management of records allows for easy access to information and the sharing of information.

 Support decision making - Establishing records management controls Improves the reliability and availability of crucial information so-have information staff They need to make decisions in a Timely Manner. Access to the collective memory of the office also provides precedents for action, and the need to prevent prevention should 're-invent the wheel.'

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Priciples of management: Description

THE PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT? DESCRIPTION

The Management Principles from Henri Fayol (1841-1925) are:

Division of Work. Specialization allows the individual to build up experience, and to continuously improve his skills. Thereby he can be more productive.

Authority. The right to issue commands, along with which must go the balanced responsibility for its function.

Discipline. Employees must obey, but this is two-sided: employees will only obey orders if management play their part by providing good leadership.

Unity of Command. Each worker should have only one boss with no other conflicting lines of command.

Unity of Direction. People engaged in the same kind of activities must have the same objectives in a single plan. This is essential to ensure unity and coordination in the enterprise. Unity of command does not exist without unity of direction but does not necessarily flows from it.

Subordination of individual interest (to the general interest). Management must see that the goals of the firms are always paramount.

Remuneration. Payment is an important motivator although by analyzing a number of possibilities, Fayol points out that there is no such thing as a perfect system.

Centralization (or Decentralization). This is a matter of degree depending on the condition of the business and the quality of its personnel.

Scalar chain (Line of Authority).A hierarchy is necessary for unity of direction. But lateral communication is also fundamental, as long as superiors know that such communication is taking place. Scalar chain refers to the number of levels in the hierarchy from the ultimate authority to the lowest level in the organization. It should not be over-stretched and consist of too-many levels.

Order Both material order and social order are necessary. The former minimizes lost time and useless handling of materials. The latter is achieved through organization and selection.

Equity. In running a business a ‘combination of kindliness and justice’ is needed. Treating employees well is important to achieve equity.

Stability of Tenure of Personnel. Employees work better if job security and career progress are assured to them. An insecure tenure and a high rate of employee turnover will affect the organization adversely.

Initiative: Allowing all personnel to show their initiative in some way is a source of strength for the organization. Even though it may well involve a sacrifice of ‘personal vanity’ on the part of many managers.

Team Spirit (Esprit de Corps). Management must foster the morale of its employees. He further suggests that: “real talent is needed to coordinate effort, encourage keenness, use each person’s abilities, and reward each one’s merit without arousing possible jealousies and disturbing harmonious relations.”

WHAT IS MANAGEMENT? FIVE ELEMENTS

Fayol's definition of management roles and actions distinguishes between Five Elements:

Forsight (Forecast & Plan). Examining the future and drawing up a plan of action. The elements of strategy.

To organize. Build up the structure, both material and human, of the undertaking.

To command. Maintain the activity among the personnel.

To coordinate. Binding together, unifying and harmonizing all activity and effort.

To control. Seeing that everything occurs in conformity with established rule and expressed command.

ORIGIN OF THE 14 PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT. HISTORY

Henri Fayol (1841-1925) was a French management theorist whose theories in management and organization of labor were widely influential in the beginning of 20th century. He was a mining engineer who worked for a French mining company Commentry-Fourchamboult-Decazeville, first as an engineer. Then he moved into general management and became Managing Director from 1888 to 1918. During his tenure as Managing Director he wrote various articles on 'administration' 

USAGE OF THE 14 MANAGEMENT PRINCIPLES. APPLICATIONS

*Change and Organization.

*Decision-making.

*Skills. Can be used to improve the basic effectiveness of a manager.

*Understand that management can be seen as a variety of activities, which can be listed and grouped

Source: 12manage.com and general science magazine

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